An established theory [48] postulates some form of phase transition in the energy level of space itself
could be possible due to the high energy density created by a collider. This would have catastrophic
implications and would involve a process known as 'quantum tunnelling' that would establish a sudden
local expansion of the new space itself [31] through a transition of the fabric of space to a lower-energy
vacuum state. Nothing like this has been clearly seen, so this theory is speculative. However, it relates
to well established theoretical work whose related dangers, we argue below, have not been excluded,
despite such claims [2,24] that relate to astrophysical data.
The two safety papers ([2,24]) considered a transition to a lower-energy vacuum state, and suggested
the safety consideration that if such a transition were possible it would spread at the speed of light,
and, having already occurred somewhere within our visible universe due to high energy cosmic rays
would already have reached us.
This argument however does not address work by Professor Paul Dixon [31] concerning the 150
million high energy collisions that would occur per second within a volume of less than 1/100th of
a cubic millimetre [32] at each (of the four) collision points at the LHC. This gives 22.4 billion (2.24
x 10^10) collisions per cubic millimetre every second. This is vastly more frequent than the actual
correlated energy cosmic ray frequency (applying data from p.28 of [3]) where only one such collision
would be expected to occur per cubic meter of the Earth's atmosphere (for example) over many
thousands of years, even where the atmosphere is, very conservatively, taken to have a height of only
1 meter. Similarly, for cosmic ray particle collision energies approaching the highest level ever
recorded (3 x 10^20eV), the energy is only a thousand times higher than the LHC correlated one,
whilst the frequency would then be significantly less than one every thousands of years.
This then creates a significantly different circumstance than that of isolated cosmic ray collisions.
Therefore the actual danger analysis itself relating to the effect upon space of a high frequency of high
energy collisions occurring within a small volume has been avoided by the safety reviews.
2010-01-24 | achtphasen | 15:06:23 |
| 30 comments
concerning the 150 million high energy collisions that would occur per second within a volume of less than 1/100th of a cubic millimetre [32] at each (of the four) collision points at the LHC. This gives 22.4 billion (2.24 x 10^10) collisions per cubic millimetre every second.Der LHC liefert pro Hochluminositäts-Kollisionspunkt bei nominellen Strahlparametern eine Luminosität von etwa 1E34 cm^-2 s^-1. Die Erzeugungsrate interessanter (d.h. inelastischer) Ereignisse bekommt man durch Multiplikation mit dem Wirkungsquerschnitt. Der liegt bei etwa 6*10^-26 cm^-2.
Man erhält die bereits erwähnten 600.000.000 Ereignisse pro Sekunde.
Allerdings gilt das pro Kollisionspunkt! Es gibt zwei dieser Punkte, bei denen nach den besonders seltenen Ereignissen gesucht wird. Und in jedem Punkt werden die Strahlen zur Kollision gebracht. Da die Ereignisse doch sehr selten sind, wird auch nur sehr wenig vom Strahl verbraucht. D.h. auch am zweiten Punkt steht die volle Ladung für Kollisionen zur Verfügung. Demnach bekommt man an beiden Punkten zusammen also schon mal das doppelte: 1.200.000.000 Ereignisse pro Sekunde! Hier stehen übrigens die beiden großen Detektoren ATLAS und CMS.
http://www.relativ-kritisch.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=30676#30676
Nice to read your guessings, Mr.Fasnacht.
Indeed it took me less than half an hour
but you have not released my response yet (current time: 16:06) despite your impatience mentioned above. Please note in this context that I am not always online.
By the way: I would appreciate if you were not editing your text while I am writing an answer.
Furthermore I would have appreciated to answer to Mr.Boux: a simple text is easy to enter, but it seems that some text-pattern has been restricted, similar to the former case where I was unable to enter my funny multi-x-name created by you, which I had wanted to use as a citation. You will surely agree that such technical issues do not make discussions easier.
Best regards, Ralf Kannenberg
Hello Mr.Fasnacht,
your statement consists of so many components that I would need to verify each of them first to be able to agree.
I have not done this. - Furthermore I do not know our universe well enough to confirm your scenarios and I am very surprised that you seem to know about all the high-energy processes of our universe.
Thus it is not possible to agree: I can neither agree nor disagree.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can achieve an energy that no other particle accelerators have reached before, but Nature routinely produces higher energies in cosmic-ray collisions. Concerns about the safety of whatever may be created in such high-energy particle collisions have been addressed for many years. In the light of new experimental data and theoretical understanding, the LHC Safety Assessment Group (LSAG) has updated a review of the analysis made in 2003 by the LHC Safety Study Group, a group of independent scientists.
LSAG reaffirms and extends the conclusions of the 2003 report that LHC collisions present no danger and that there are no reasons for concern. Whatever the LHC will do, Nature has already done many times over during the lifetime of the Earth and other astronomical bodies. The LSAG report has been reviewed and endorsed by CERN’s Scientific Policy Committee, a group of external scientists that advises CERN’s governing body, its Council.Vacuum bubbles
There have been speculations that the Universe is not in its most stable configuration, and that perturbations caused by the LHC could tip it into a more stable state, called a vacuum bubble, in which we could not exist. If the LHC could do this, then so could cosmic-ray collisions. Since such vacuum bubbles have not been produced anywhere in the visible Universe, they will not be made by the LHC.